喷淋塔是常见的预处理/治理设备,但洗涤塔内要根据VOCs成分及风量进行合理设计,这里涉及众多化工知识,例如需要如何涉及塔高、直径、风速、确定洗涤液的循环量等等问题。该喷淋塔为填料喷淋塔,填料的选型该最终如何确定。我们来看看用于VOCs废气治理中,喷淋塔中的填料种类及对应的特点。
喷淋塔填料是为了增大其接触面积让空气和液体两相充分可以接触,从而又不致于造成大的风阻阻力。填料是喷淋塔的核心部件,这个直接关系到喷淋塔的操作性能好与坏。
喷淋塔填料应该具有的要求如下:
1、喷淋塔填料要有大的比表面积,单位体积填料层所有具有的表面积称为填料的比表面,单位为m2/m3。流动的液相湿润喷淋塔填料的表面积才有可能构成传质面积。
2、喷淋塔填料的孔隙率要大,单位体积填料层所具有的孔隙体积称为填料的孔隙率,以ε表示,单位为m3/m3。当填料的空隙较高时,气、液通过能力大且气流阻力小,操作弹性范围较宽。
3、喷淋塔填料的材料要具备强度高,不易破损,自身重量轻、耐腐蚀、性价比高。
4、常见的喷淋塔填料是以PP复合填料为主,主要有:鲍尔环填料、多面空心球填料、拉西环填料、聚氨酯悬浮球填料等,这些生物填料在处理废气塔中有害气体,如硫酸雾(H2SO4)、氯化氢(HCL)及氟化氢(HF)气体、铬酸雾(CrO3)、氨气(NH3)、碱蒸气等比较常用。
① 鲍尔环填料是对拉西环的改进,在拉西环的侧壁上开出两排长方形的窗孔,被切开的环壁的一侧仍与壁面相连,另一侧向环内弯曲,形成内伸的舌叶,诸舌叶的侧边在环中心相搭。
② 鲍尔环由于环壁开孔,大大提高了环内空间及环内表面的利用率,气流阻力小,液体分布均匀。与拉西环相比,鲍尔环的气体通量可增加50%以上,传质效率提高30%左右。鲍尔环是也是一种应用较广的填料。
③ 多面空心球类球形填料一般采用塑料注塑而成,其结构有多种。空心球填料的特点是球体为空心,可以允许气体、液体从其内部通过。由于球体结构的对称性,填料装填密度均匀,不易产生空穴和架桥,所以气液分散性能好。这种多面空心球主要是PP材料,自身重量轻、抗腐蚀、耐热价格便宜。并且其孔隙率大。球形填料一般只适用于某些特定的场合,工程上应用较少。
④ 拉西环填料的气液分布较差,传质效率低,阻力大,通量小,工业上已较少应用。
作者:
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来源:
行业新闻
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